Everything about Province Of New Mexico totally explained
Santa Fe de Nuevo México (shortened to
Nuevo México or
Nuevo Méjico, translated as
New Mexico) was a province of
New Spain that existed from the late
16th century up through the early
19th century. It was centered on the upper valley of the
Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte), in an area that included most of the present-day
U.S. state of
New Mexico, with borders extending into the present-day states of
Texas,
Colorado,
Arizona, and
Utah. For all but the first few years of its existence, its capital was
Santa Fe.
The province was founded in
1598 by
Juan de Oñate during his expedition northward from New Spain; he established a settlement near
Ohkay Oweenge Pueblo. The expedition had been authorized by
Phillip II and was motivated in part by a desire to restore the fortunes of the
Spanish Empire following the disastrous defeat of the
Spanish Armada in
1588. The Spanish believed that cities of
gold, such as the ones of the
Aztecs they'd previously conquered, lay to the north in the unexplored territory. Oñate was unable to find such cities, however. He later became the first governor of the province. Oñate hoped to turn the province in a separate
viceroyalty from New Spain, but he was unsuccessful. The Spanish were expelled from the territory for 12 years following the
Pueblo Revolt of
1680, returning in
1692 upon the "bloodless" reoccupation of Santa Fe by
Diego de Vargas. The province remained in Spanish control until
Mexico's declaration of independence in
1821; under the
1824 Constitution of Mexico it became a federally administered territory of the United Mexican States.
The area of the former province east of the Rio Grande was claimed by the
Republic of Texas after
1836, a claim that was disputed by Mexico. In 1844 the
Texians sent an
expedition, ostensibly for trade but with hopes of occupying the claimed area, but the expedition was captured by Mexican troops. The area became part of the
United States by
1848 with the
Texas Annexation and the
Mexican Cession. New Mexico didn't become a state until January 1912.
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